2001年下半年自考全国卷 高级英语试题（附答案）
60. 美国食品虽然包装考究和富有营养，但味道却一年比一年逊色。有些蔬菜味道就像图书馆里的浆糊。低温冷藏过的肉变成了皮革。这就是所谓的科学和经济学应用到食品生产上的恶果。
Part Two
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items: Ⅴ，Ⅵ，Ⅶ and Ⅷ.
The Birth of Computing:
The Forgotten Father Figure
1) It seems curious that Charles Babbage is remembered today as the grandfather of computing, for Babbage never completed a single one of his clunky mechanical calculating machines, and his work was largely forgotten after his death in 1871. It was only with the construction of the first electronic computers in the 1940s, by people who were unaware of Babbage's work, that the groundbreaking nature of that work became apparent. Had Babbage never lived, in other words, the rise of the computer would have happened anyway. That is because today's computers owe their ancestry not to Babbage but to the work of another 19th-century pioneer, Hermann Hollerith.
2) In contrast to Babbage, who wanted to automate the business of mathematical calculation, Hollerith was interested in the field of data processing. Babbage intended his elaborate“calculating engines”to be used by scientists, in much the same way that specialist supercomputers are today. The particular application he had in mind was the production of error-free mathematical and astronomical tables. Hollerith, on the other hand, made his name building machines to handle an enormous data-processing task: the analysis of the results of the United States' census.
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